The following publications are a small subset from our team that give an introduction to the topic of parental burnout. We organized them according to several main topics, i.e. conceptualization of Parental Burnout (PB), assessment of PB, antecedents and risk factors of PB, consequences of PB, treatment of PB, and literature review.

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Electronic versions of papers are provided as a professional courtesy to ensure timely dissemination of academic work for individual, noncommercial purposes. Clicking on any pdf below amounts to sending an email to the authors and receiving the pdf. Copyright resides with the respective copyright holders, as stated within each paper. These files may not be reposted without permission.

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Mikolajczak, M., Roskam, I. & Gross, J.J. (2021). Parents on the brink: Parental burnout. APA Blog, division 12 (Society of Clinical Psychology) (link)

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Review/overview papers

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Mikolajczak, M., Aunola, K., Sorkkila, M., & Roskam, I. (2023): 15 years of parental burnout research: Systematic review and Agenda. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 32, 4, 276-283. (pdf)​

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Mikolajczak, M., Gross, J.J., & Roskam, I. (2021). Beyond job burnout: Parental burnout! Trends in Cognitive Sciences (Pdf)​

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Mikolajczak, M., & Roskam, I. (2020). Parental burnout: Moving the focus from children to parents. New Directions for Child and Adolescent Development (Pdf)​

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Conceptualization of PB

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Kalkan, R. B., Blanchard, M. E., Mikolajczak, M., Roskam, I., & Heeren, A. (2022). Emotional exhaustion and feeling fed up as the driving forces of parental burnout and its consequences on children: Insights from a network approach. Current Psychology. (Pdf)

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Roskam, I., & Mikolajczak, M. (2021). The slippery slope of parental exhaustion: A process model of
parental burnout. Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology. (Pdf)​

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Blanchard, M. A., & Heeren, A. (2020). Why we should move from reductionism and embrace a network approach to parental burnout. New Directions for Child and Adolescent Development. (Pdf)

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Mikolajczak, M., Gross, J. J., Stinglhamber, F., Lindahl Norberg, A., & Roskam, I. (2020). Is parental burnout distinct from job burnout and depressive symptomatology? Clinical Psychological Science. (Pdf)​​

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Mikolajczak, M., Gross, J. J., & Roskam, I. (2019). Parental Burnout: What Is It, and Why Does It Matter? Clinical Psychological Science. (Pdf)​

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Hubert, S., & Aujoulat, I. (2018). Parental burnout: When exhausted mothers open up. Frontiers in psychology. (Pdf)

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Roskam, I., Brianda, M.-E., & Mikolajczak, M. (2018). A Step Forward in the Conceptualization and Measurement of Parental Burnout: The Parental Burnout Assessment (PBA). Frontiers in Psychology. (Pdf)

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Roskam, I., Mikolajczak, M., & Piotrowski, K. (2025). Unveiling the Uniqueness of Parental Burnout and Parenthood Regret: Impact on Parents and Children. Clinical Psychological Science. (Pdf)

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Relationships with job burnout​

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Mikolajczak, M., Gross, J. J., Stinglhamber, F., Lindahl Norberg, A., & Roskam, I. (2020). Is parental burnout distinct from job burnout and depressive symptomatology? Clinical Psychological Science. (Pdf)​

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Assessment of PB

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Roskam, I., Bayot, M., Mikolajczak, M. (2022). Parental Burnout Assessment (PBA). In: Medvedev, O.N., Krägeloh, C.U., Siegert, R.J., Singh, N.N. (eds) Handbook of Assessment in Mindfulness Research. Springer, Cham. (Pdf)

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Brianda, ME, Mikolajczak, M., Bader, M., Bon, S., Déprez, A., Favez, N., Holstein, L., Le Vigouroux, S., Lebert-Charron, A., Sanchez Rodriguez, R., Séjourné, N., Wendland, J., & Roskam, I. (2023). Optimizing the Assessment of Parental Burnout: A Multi-Informant and Multi-Method Approach to Determine Cut-offs for the Parental Burnout Inventory (PBI) and the Parental Burnout Assessment (PBA). Assessment. (Pdf) !! Contains the clinical cutoffs of the PBI and PBA!!​

 

Aunola, K., Sorkkila, M., Tolvanen, A., Tassoul, A., Mikolajczak, M. & Roskam, I. (2021). Development and Validation of the Brief Parental Burnout Scale (BPBs). Psychological Assessment. (Pdf)

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​​​​Roskam, I., Brianda, M.-E., & Mikolajczak, M. (2018). A Step Forward in the Conceptualization and Measurement of Parental Burnout: The Parental Burnout Assessment (PBA). Frontiers in Psychology. (Pdf)

 

Roskam, I., Raes, M.-E., & Mikolajczak, M. (2017). Exhausted Parents: Development and Preliminary Validation of the Parental Burnout Inventory.  Frontiers in Psychology. (Pdf)

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The Parental Burnout Assessment has been translated in > 25 languages and validated in many of them. Translated versions are available here: 

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Antecedents and Consequences of PB​

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Mikolajczak, M., Aunola, K., Sorkkila, M., & Roskam, I. (2023). 15 years of parental burnout research: Systematic review and agenda. Current Directions in Psychological Science. (pdf)

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​Mikolajczak, M., & Roskam, I. (2018). A Theoretical and Clinical Framework for Parental Burnout: The Balance Between Risks and Resources (BR²). Frontiers in Psychology. (Pdf)​

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Cultural correlates of PB

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Roskam, I., the International Investigation of Parental Burnout (IIPB), & Mikolajczak, M. (2024). Three reasons why parental burnout is more prevalent in individualistic countries : A mediation study in 36 countries. Social Psychiatry and Psyciatrhic Epidemiology. (Pdf)

 

Matias, M. Aguiar, J., Fontaine, A. M., ... Mikolajczak, M., & Roskam, I. (2023). Profiles of Parental Burnout around the Globe: Similarities and Differences across 36 Countries. Cross-Cultural Research. (Pdf).

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Van Bakel H., Bastiaansen C., Hall, R. …, & Roskam, I. (2022). Parental Burnout Across the Globe During the COVID-19 Pandemic. International Perspectives in Psychology 2022;11:141-52.(Pdf).

 

​​Roskam, I., Aguiar, J., Akgun, E., Arikan, G., Artavia, M., Avalosse, H., Aunola, K., Bader, M., Bahati, C., Barham, E. J., Besson, E., Beyers, W., Boujut, E., Brianda, M. -E., Brytek-Matera, A., Carbonneau, N., César, F., Bhen, B. B., Dorard, G.,… Mikolajczak, M.  (International Investigation of Parental Burnout Consortium) (2021). Parental burnout around the globe: A 42-country study. Affective Science. (Pdf).

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Gender-related differences in PB

 

Sorkkila, M., & Aunola, K. (2021). Burned-out Fathers and Untold Stories : Mixed Methods Investigation of the Demands and Resources of Finnish Fathers. Family Journal (Pdf)

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Roskam, I., & Mikolajczak, M. (2020).  Gender Differences in the Nature, the Antecedents, and the Consequences of Parental Burnout. Sex Roles. (Pdf)

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Stages of PB

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Roskam, I. & Mikolajczak, M. (2021). The Slippery Slope of Parental Exhaustion:
A Process Model of Parental Burnout. Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology. (Pdf)

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Treatment of PB

 

Brianda, M.E. , Roskam, I., Gross, J.J., Franssen, A., Kapala, F., Gérard, F., Mikolajczak, M. (2020). Treating Parental Burnout: Impact of Two Treatment Modalities on Burnout Symptoms, Emotions, Hair Cortisol, and Parental Neglect and Violence. Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics. (Pdf)

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